Articles | Volume 12, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-481-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-481-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
01 Apr 2016
Research article |
| 01 Apr 2016
Compensation between meridional flow components of the Atlantic MOC at 26° N
E. Frajka-Williams
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
C. S. Meinen
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Physical Oceanography Division, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA
W. E. Johns
University of Miami, Rosentiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, USA
D. A. Smeed
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
A. Duchez
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
A. J. Lawrence
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
D. A. Cuthbertson
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
G. D. McCarthy
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
H. L. Bryden
Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
M. O. Baringer
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Physical Oceanography Division, 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA
B. I. Moat
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
D. Rayner
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
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Cited
33 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evolution characteristics of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and its thermodynamic and dynamic effects on surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere H. Wang et al. 10.1007/s11430-022-1102-y
- Coherent modulation of the sea-level annual cycle in the United States by Atlantic Rossby waves F. Calafat et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-04898-y
- Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics E. Frajka-Williams et al. 10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x
- Evaluation of Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean Circulation in CMIP5 Models against the Observational Array at 26.5°N and Its Changes under Continued Warming R. Beadling et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0845.1
- Overturning in the subpolar North Atlantic: a review M. Lozier 10.1098/rsta.2022.0191
- Forecasted weakening of Atlantic overturning circulation could amplify future relative sea-level rise in the Mediterranean: A review of climate and tide-gauge data links N. Marriner et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104456
- Deep Atlantic Multidecadal Variability J. Yang et al. 10.1029/2023GL106367
- Teleconnection between the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and Sea Level in the Mediterranean Sea D. Volkov et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0474.1
- Climate response to the meltwater runoff from Greenland ice sheet: evolving sensitivity to discharging locations Y. Liu et al. 10.1007/s00382-017-3980-7
- Meridional Overturning Circulation Transport Variability at 34.5°S During 2009–2017: Baroclinic and Barotropic Flows and the Dueling Influence of the Boundaries C. Meinen et al. 10.1029/2018GL077408
- Structure and Variability of the Antilles Current at 26.5°N C. Meinen et al. 10.1029/2018JC014836
- Coherent Circulation Changes in the Deep North Atlantic From 16°N and 26°N Transport Arrays E. Frajka‐Williams et al. 10.1029/2018JC013949
- Fast mechanisms linking the Labrador Sea with subtropical Atlantic overturning Y. Kostov et al. 10.1007/s00382-022-06459-y
- Decadal Strengthening of Interior Flow of North Atlantic Deep Water Observed by GRACE Satellites J. Koelling et al. 10.1029/2020JC016217
- Wind-Forced Variability of the Zonal Overturning Circulation M. Spall 10.1175/JPO-D-21-0174.1
- Temperature–Salinity Structure of the North Atlantic Circulation and Associated Heat and Freshwater Transports X. Xu et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0798.1
- Should AMOC observations continue: how and why? E. Frajka-Williams et al. 10.1098/rsta.2022.0195
- Chaotic Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at Subannual Time Scales A. Germe et al. 10.1175/JPO-D-21-0100.1
- Recent progress in understanding climate thresholds P. Good et al. 10.1177/0309133317751843
- Genesis of the Gulf Stream Subseasonal Variability in the Florida Straits K. Pujiana et al. 10.1029/2022JC018555
- Pending recovery in the strength of the meridional overturning circulation at 26° N B. Moat et al. 10.5194/os-16-863-2020
- Arctic sea-ice decline weakens the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation F. Sévellec et al. 10.1038/nclimate3353
- Characteristics and causes of Deep Western Boundary Current transport variability at 34.5° S during 2009–2014 C. Meinen et al. 10.5194/os-13-175-2017
- Energetic overturning flows, dynamic interocean exchanges, and ocean warming observed in the South Atlantic M. Chidichimo et al. 10.1038/s43247-022-00644-x
- Florida Current Salinity and Salinity Transport: Mean and Decadal Changes Z. Szuts & C. Meinen 10.1002/2017GL074538
- A 30-year reconstruction of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation shows no decline E. Worthington et al. 10.5194/os-17-285-2021
- Wind-driven and buoyancy-driven circulation in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean H. Bryden 10.1098/rspa.2021.0172
- Robust Weakening of the Gulf Stream During the Past Four Decades Observed in the Florida Straits C. Piecuch & L. Beal 10.1029/2023GL105170
- Meridional Connectivity of a 25‐Year Observational AMOC Record at 47°N S. Wett et al. 10.1029/2023GL103284
- Greenland Melt and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation E. Frajka-Williams et al. 10.5670/oceanog.2016.96
- The variability of the Atlantic meridional circulation since 1980, as hindcast by a data-driven nonlinear systems model J. Ayala-Solares et al. 10.1007/s11600-018-0165-7
- Strong Mixing and Recirculation in the Northwestern Argentine Basin D. Valla et al. 10.1029/2018JC013907
- How Is Meridional Coherence Maintained in the Lower Limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation? S. Zou et al. 10.1029/2018GL080958
33 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Evolution characteristics of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and its thermodynamic and dynamic effects on surface air temperature in the Northern Hemisphere H. Wang et al. 10.1007/s11430-022-1102-y
- Coherent modulation of the sea-level annual cycle in the United States by Atlantic Rossby waves F. Calafat et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-04898-y
- Emerging negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index in spite of warm subtropics E. Frajka-Williams et al. 10.1038/s41598-017-11046-x
- Evaluation of Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean Circulation in CMIP5 Models against the Observational Array at 26.5°N and Its Changes under Continued Warming R. Beadling et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0845.1
- Overturning in the subpolar North Atlantic: a review M. Lozier 10.1098/rsta.2022.0191
- Forecasted weakening of Atlantic overturning circulation could amplify future relative sea-level rise in the Mediterranean: A review of climate and tide-gauge data links N. Marriner et al. 10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104456
- Deep Atlantic Multidecadal Variability J. Yang et al. 10.1029/2023GL106367
- Teleconnection between the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and Sea Level in the Mediterranean Sea D. Volkov et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0474.1
- Climate response to the meltwater runoff from Greenland ice sheet: evolving sensitivity to discharging locations Y. Liu et al. 10.1007/s00382-017-3980-7
- Meridional Overturning Circulation Transport Variability at 34.5°S During 2009–2017: Baroclinic and Barotropic Flows and the Dueling Influence of the Boundaries C. Meinen et al. 10.1029/2018GL077408
- Structure and Variability of the Antilles Current at 26.5°N C. Meinen et al. 10.1029/2018JC014836
- Coherent Circulation Changes in the Deep North Atlantic From 16°N and 26°N Transport Arrays E. Frajka‐Williams et al. 10.1029/2018JC013949
- Fast mechanisms linking the Labrador Sea with subtropical Atlantic overturning Y. Kostov et al. 10.1007/s00382-022-06459-y
- Decadal Strengthening of Interior Flow of North Atlantic Deep Water Observed by GRACE Satellites J. Koelling et al. 10.1029/2020JC016217
- Wind-Forced Variability of the Zonal Overturning Circulation M. Spall 10.1175/JPO-D-21-0174.1
- Temperature–Salinity Structure of the North Atlantic Circulation and Associated Heat and Freshwater Transports X. Xu et al. 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0798.1
- Should AMOC observations continue: how and why? E. Frajka-Williams et al. 10.1098/rsta.2022.0195
- Chaotic Variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at Subannual Time Scales A. Germe et al. 10.1175/JPO-D-21-0100.1
- Recent progress in understanding climate thresholds P. Good et al. 10.1177/0309133317751843
- Genesis of the Gulf Stream Subseasonal Variability in the Florida Straits K. Pujiana et al. 10.1029/2022JC018555
- Pending recovery in the strength of the meridional overturning circulation at 26° N B. Moat et al. 10.5194/os-16-863-2020
- Arctic sea-ice decline weakens the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation F. Sévellec et al. 10.1038/nclimate3353
- Characteristics and causes of Deep Western Boundary Current transport variability at 34.5° S during 2009–2014 C. Meinen et al. 10.5194/os-13-175-2017
- Energetic overturning flows, dynamic interocean exchanges, and ocean warming observed in the South Atlantic M. Chidichimo et al. 10.1038/s43247-022-00644-x
- Florida Current Salinity and Salinity Transport: Mean and Decadal Changes Z. Szuts & C. Meinen 10.1002/2017GL074538
- A 30-year reconstruction of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation shows no decline E. Worthington et al. 10.5194/os-17-285-2021
- Wind-driven and buoyancy-driven circulation in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean H. Bryden 10.1098/rspa.2021.0172
- Robust Weakening of the Gulf Stream During the Past Four Decades Observed in the Florida Straits C. Piecuch & L. Beal 10.1029/2023GL105170
- Meridional Connectivity of a 25‐Year Observational AMOC Record at 47°N S. Wett et al. 10.1029/2023GL103284
- Greenland Melt and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation E. Frajka-Williams et al. 10.5670/oceanog.2016.96
- The variability of the Atlantic meridional circulation since 1980, as hindcast by a data-driven nonlinear systems model J. Ayala-Solares et al. 10.1007/s11600-018-0165-7
- Strong Mixing and Recirculation in the Northwestern Argentine Basin D. Valla et al. 10.1029/2018JC013907
- How Is Meridional Coherence Maintained in the Lower Limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation? S. Zou et al. 10.1029/2018GL080958
Saved (preprint)
Latest update: 18 Apr 2024
Short summary
The ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is predicted by climate models to slow down in this century, resulting in reduced transport of heat northward to mid-latitudes. At 26° N, the Atlantic MOC has been measured continuously for the past decade (2004–2014). In this paper, we discuss the 10-year record of variability, identify the origins of the continued weakening of the circulation, and discuss high-frequency (subannual) compensation between transport components.
The ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is predicted by climate models to slow down...
